Arduino Basic
Table of Contents
Assignment
[1] Ohm's law
$$V = IR$$$\quad V$ = Voltage (Volts) $[V]$: a force that pushes the current through the circuit.
$\quad I$ = Current (Amperes) $[A]$: the actual “substance” flowing through the wires of the circuit. (electrons)
$\quad R$ = Resistance (Ohms) $[\Omega]$: friction that impedes flow of current through the circuit.
[2] Serial / Parellel connection
Calculate current value $I_{R}$ for each resistance.
$ $
[3] Diode voltage drop
Calculate minimum resistance value:
[4] Pull-up / Pull-down switch
To avoid floating state, you have to make Pull-up or Pull-down circuit.
Fortunately, Arduino offers built-in pull-up pinMode.
pinMode(pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
[1] Hardware Configuration
[2] Arduino Connection
[3] Programming
/* Blink Turns an LED on for one second, then off for one second, repeatedly. http://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/Blink Thic code is slightly different with reference */// The LED is connected to pin 9 int led = 9; // the setup function runs once when you press reset or power the board void setup() { // initialize digital pin 9 as an output. pinMode(led, OUTPUT); }// the loop function runs over and over again forever void loop() { digitalWrite(led, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level) delay(1000); // wait for a second digitalWrite(led, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW delay(1000); // wait for a second }
[4] Code Verification and Upload
[5] Code Save
LED fade code
/* Fade This example shows how to fade an LED on pin 9 using the analogWrite() function. The analogWrite() function uses PWM, so if you want to change the pin you're using, be sure to use another PWM capable pin. On most Arduino, the PWM pins are identified with a "~" sign, like ~3, ~5, ~6, ~9, ~10 and ~11. */int led = 9; // the PWM pin the LED is attached to int brightness = 0; // how bright the LED is int fadeAmount = 5; // how many points to fade the LED by// the setup routine runs once when you press reset: void setup() { // declare pin 9 to be an output: pinMode(led, OUTPUT); }// the loop routine runs over and over again forever: void loop() { // set the brightness of pin 9: analogWrite(led, brightness); // change the brightness for next time through the loop: brightness = brightness + fadeAmount; // reverse the direction of the fading at the ends of the fade: if (brightness <= 0 || brightness >= 255) { fadeAmount = -fadeAmount; } // wait for 30 milliseconds to see the dimming effect delay(30); }
Pushbotton switch
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